Adoption Trauma: What is Adoption Trauma?

Posted on April 30th, 2024

According to UK statistics, adoption trauma is a significant issue affecting many adopted children. 

A study by Adoption UK found that 71% of adopted children have suffered significant trauma. Research suggests that 75% of the 5,500 children adopted in the UK each year have significant mental health issues. 

Adopted children are also almost twice as likely as those brought up with their biological parents to suffer from mood disorders like anxiety, depression, and behavioural issues.Adoption trauma can manifest in various ways, such as childhood anger issues, shame, emotional dysregulation, anxiety, relationship problems, trust issues, and struggles with identity. 

Adopted children may also develop specific types of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with 7% to 14% displaying clinically relevant symptoms.The types of adversity children experienced before adoption can determine the type of tailored mental health support they need. Early intervention for PTSD, along with continuity of care, could prevent or reduce mental health and developmental issues in adopted children.Providing consistent support, even before an adoption placement begins, is crucial. It is essential that all adopted children have early access to the mental health support they need to thrive.

Adoption trauma refers to the negative emotional and psychological effects that can occur as part of the adoption process. It can include the trauma of early separation from biological parents, difficulties with attachment and bonding, grief over the loss of birth family, and the lack of stability that can come with multiple placements.Adoption trauma can manifest in various ways, such as childhood anger issues, shame, emotional dysregulation, anxiety, relationship problems, trust issues, and struggles with identity. 

Transracial adoptees may face additional challenges in developing a sense of self when they do not see anyone who mirrors their race or ethnicity.The loss of identity, innate trust, and connection with birth family are key types of adoption trauma. 

Even when adoption is the best option for a child, the change and lack of stability can be traumatic, as the child may feel it is their fault they had to leave their previous caregivers.

Addressing adoption trauma through therapy and support is important, as it can otherwise impact a person throughout their life. Recognising and validating the trauma experienced by adoptees is a critical first step in the healing process.